Cancer

What’s really happening when someone has cancer?  In a healthy body, normal cells divide into exact copies of themselves many times to create as many new cells as the body needs.  And then, after their purpose is served, they die. This is a normal cell cycle.

With cancer, all it takes is for one single cell to mutate (change) or become damaged.  One single damaged cell can upset the entire cell cycle. Suddenly, that one damaged cell divides into two damaged cells, then they each divide into two more, and so on.  These damaged cells do not stop dividing like normal cells . . . and they don't die.  When a whole group of damaged cells combine they form a tumor or mass.

How can you help clients who are undergoing treatment for cancer?

Helping clients through chemo:

• Chemotherapy weakens a person’s ability to fight off infection.  Handwashing is the best way to stop the spread of germs! 
• Hair care should be done delicately.  Use only mild shampoos and soft brushes.  Gently towel dry the hair—avoid using a hair dryer.  
• Mouth care is extremely important during chemotherapy.  Soft toothbrushes help prevent gum damage. Keeping the mouth moist may be a challenge.  Try offering lollipops, ice chips and Popsicles.

Helping clients through radiation therapy:

• The treatment area may be very sensitive to touch.  Keep it clean and dry—using only those soaps and lotions that have been approved by the doctor.  Use only clear, lukewarm water since hot or cold water may damage the sensitive skin at the radiation site.

Helping clients with nausea or vomiting:

• Report the problem to your supervisor!  There are a number of medications that can be used to treat nausea and vomiting. 
• Encourage your client to eat high protein and/or high calorie foods when able.  Eggs, milkshakes and supplements like Ensure are examples.

Help clients fight fatigue with food:

• Encourage your client to eat breakfast everyday. Some good choices are: scrambled eggs with toast, toast with peanut butter and a piece of fruit, or yogurt with fruit.
• Serve six small meals and snacks instead of three large meals. Snacks might include a banana, pudding, yogurt, or whole grain crackers with cheese or peanut butter.